The PerioLase laser used for Laser Assisted New Attachment Procedure (LANAP) can treat a range of conditions because the settings are  easily adjustable and because the menu can be programmed according to the necessary procedure whether for haemostasis, implant surgeries (second-stage), biopsies, frenectomies, and gingivectomies.

The two main gum diseases treated with LANAP procedures are gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis is sometimes termed non-destructive periodontal disease where patients experience inflammation and bleeding of the gums resulting from build-up of plaque. The gingivitis can spread through bacterial infection to periodontitis causing the gums and bone structure in the mouth to deteriorate. The teeth can become separated from the gums and surrounding bone structures through infected pockets containing tartar.

LANAP can be used to remove the decayed portion of teeth, such as the tartar and bacterial infection, and can then be used to prepare teeth for further treatment, like fillings or crowns. Similar to root canal treatment, this procedure can remove infection from gum tissue and reshape gum tissue.

In particular, LANAP can painlessly and safely provide connective tissue attachments where the epithelium between the connecting tissue and membranes is missing due to damage, and can also restore the periodontal ligament fibres that connect the alveolar bone to the cementum (calcified substance anchoring the tooth root).